Taxes in Germany: What Expats Need to Know

Introduction

Germany’s tax system can be confusing for newcomers. Here’s what you need to know as an expat.

Steuer-ID and Tax Classes

• Steuer-ID: You receive this by post after Anmeldung (registration)
• Tax classes (Steuerklassen): Affect how much tax is withheld from your salary (I–VI)

Filing Requirements

• Most employees don’t need to file, but it’s recommended (may get a refund)
• Self-employed and freelancers must file annually
• Use the ELSTER portal (online tax filing)

Double Taxation Treaties

• Germany has treaties with many countries to avoid double taxation
• Check if your home country has an agreement

Deadlines

• Tax year = calendar year
• Returns usually due July 31st of the following year

Getting Help

• Steuerberater (tax advisor)
• Lohnsteuerhilfeverein (wage tax help association)
• Online tools: SteuerGo, Wundertax

Useful Links

• ELSTER Portal
• SteuerGo
• Wundertax